Журнал общей биологии, 2023, T. 84, № 3, стр. 163-176
Глутаматные и ГАМК-рецепторы безнервных животных (Placozoa): преадаптация к нейротрансмиссии
М. А. Никитин 1, *, С. И. Борман 2
1 Институт физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского, МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова
119992 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 40, Россия
2 Институт биологии развития им. К.К. Кольцова РАН
119334 Москва, ул. Вавилова, 26, Россия
* E-mail: nikitin.fbb@gmail.com
Поступила в редакцию 12.11.2022
После доработки 28.11.2022
Принята к публикации 06.12.2022
- EDN: ZFEFJW
- DOI: 10.31857/S0044459623030053
Полные тексты статей выпуска доступны в ознакомительном режиме только авторизованным пользователям.
Аннотация
Появление нервной системы является одним из важнейших событий в эволюции жизни на Земле. Детали этого события остаются малопонятными, в частности, объяснения требует большое разнообразие известных веществ-нейротрансмиттеров. Мы анализируем гомологи нейрональных рецепторов глутамата и гамма-аминомасляной кислоты (ГАМК) у Placozoa – животных без нервной системы, но обладающих подвижностью и поведением. Филогенетический анализ и сравнение аминокислотных остатков, ответственных за лигандную специфичность, показали, что эти рецепторы Placozoa неожиданно многочисленны, разнообразны и эволюционно динамичны и по всем этим признакам напоминают скорее обонятельные рецепторы высших животных. Наши результаты указывают, что хеморецепторная система была важным источником разнообразных рецепторов для возникающей нервной системы, а будущие аминокислоты-нейротрансмиттеры (глутамат, ГАМК, глицин) были релевантными внешними сигналами для первых животных, еще не имевших нервной системы.
Полные тексты статей выпуска доступны в ознакомительном режиме только авторизованным пользователям.
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