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Геохимия, 2022, T. 67, № 12, стр. 1233-1258

Новые данные о возрасте и генезисе карбонатитового комплекса Невания, Раджастан (Индия)

Н. В. Сорохтина a, *, Б. В. Беляцкий b, **, В. А. Зайцев a, ***, Ш. Г. Виладкар c, ****, Н. Н. Кононкова a, *****, А. Гхатак c, ******

a Институт геохимии и аналитической химии им. В.И. Вернадского РАН (ГЕОХИ РАН)
119334 Москва, ул. Косыгина, 19, Россия

b Всероссийский научно-исследовательский геологический институт (ВСЕГЕИ)
199106 Санкт-Петербург, Средний проспект, 74, Россия

c Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Bhopal
462066 Bhopal, Bhauri, By-pass Road, India

* E-mail: nat_sor@rambler.ru
** E-mail: bbelyatsky@mail.ru
*** E-mail: va_zaitsev@inbox.ru
**** E-mail: sviladkar@gmail.com
***** E-mail: nnzond@geokhi.ru
****** E-mail: arundhutighatak@iiserb.ac.in

Поступила в редакцию 10.09.2021
После доработки 18.05.2022
Принята к публикации 02.06.2022

Аннотация

Представлены новые геохимические данные по карбонатитам интрузивного комплекса Невания (Индия) и содержащемуся в них фторапатиту. Предложена магмато-метаморфическая гипотеза его образования. Карбонатиты Невании сопоставимы с интрузивными ферро- и магнезиокарбонатитами Мира по содержанию основных петрогенных компонентов и обеднены в отношении Ba, Ta, Zr, Th и REE. Главными концентраторами Sr, Th и REE являются фторапатит и монацит-(Се), урана – U-обогащенный пирохлор. Эволюция состава фторапатита подчиняется типичной схеме изоморфного замещения: REE3+ + Na+ ↔ 2Ca2+. Содержание ThO2 в минерале не превышает 0.2 мас. %, U ниже 1–2 мкг/г, содержание LREE варьирует от 1000 до 5000 мкг/г (Ce > Nd > La), тяжелых – не превышает 300 мкг/г. При перекристаллизации раннего магматического фторапатита проходило перераспределение REE и Th, и образование монацита-(Се). Поздние генерации фторапатита и магнетита, Fe-обогащенный доломит, сидерит, монацит-(Ce), U-обогащенный пирохлор, кальцит и графит могли формироваться в условиях метаморфизма амфиболитовой фации и температурах около 600°C. Согласно датировкам фторапатита и циркона, доломитовые карбонатиты внедрились в архейские гранито-гнейсы 2120 млн лет назад. 900 млн лет назад произошло преобразование их минеральных парагенезисов, кристаллизовались вторичные минералы, включая U-обогащенный пирохлор.

Ключевые слова: карбонатиты, фторапатит, U/Pb возраст, метаморфизм, Невания, Раджастан

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