Зоологический журнал, 2021, T. 100, № 10, стр. 1092-1099

Two new species of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) of the superfamily Achipterioidea Thor 1929 from tropical forests of Cuba

S. G. Ermilov a*, U. Ya. Shtanchaeva b**, L. S. Subías b***

a Tyumen State University
625003 Tyumen, Russia

b Complutense University
28040 Madrid, Spain

* E-mail: ermilovacari@yandex.ru
** E-mail: umukusum@mail.ru
*** E-mail: subias@bio.ucm.es

Поступила в редакцию 9.08.2020
После доработки 21.09.2020
Принята к публикации 12.11.2020

Полный текст (PDF)

Аннотация

Two new species of oribatid mites representing the superfamily Achipterioidea are described from Cuba. Epactozetes cubaensis sp. n. (Epactozetidae) differs from all other species of the genus in, (1) the presence of an elongate trapezoid interlamellar region, (2) having comparatively larger foveolae on the notogaster, and (3) the morphology of the lamellae. Parachipteria neotropica sp. n. (Achipteriidae) differs from all species of the genus in the presence of monodactylous legs and in having foveolate and striate pteromorphs.

Keywords: Parachipteria, Epactozetes, taxonomy, morphology, Neotropical Region

Presently, the Cuban oribatid mite (Acari, Oribatida) fauna is understudied (e.g. Balogh, Mahunka, 1974; Socarrás, Palacios-Vargas, 1999; Prieto Trueba, Schatz, 2004; Niedbała, 2009; Ermilov, 2016a).

During the taxonomic identification of materials from Cuba, we found two new species of the superfamily Achipterioidea. One of the species belongs to the genus Epactozetes Grandjean 1930 (family Epactozetidae Grandjean 1930) and the other – to the genus Parachipteria Hammen 1952 (family Achipteriidae Thor 1929). The genus Epactozetes comprises two species which are distributed in the Neotropical region (Subías, 2020, electronic update). The genus Parachipteria comprises seven species which are distributed in the Holarctic and Oriental regions (Subías 2020, electronic update); hence, we have recorded this genus in the Neotropical region for the first time. The main goal of our paper is to describe and illustrate these new species.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Specimens. The specimens are distributed among two institutions: the Senckenberg Museum of Natural History, Görlitz, Germany (SMNH); and the Tyumen State University Museum of Zoology, Tyumen, Russia (TSUMZ).

Observation and documentation. Specimens were mounted in lactic acid on temporary cavity slides for measurement and illustration. The body length was measured in lateral view, from the tip of the rostrum to the posterior edge of the notogaster. Notogastral width refers to the maximum in dorsal aspect. Lengths of body setae were measured in lateral aspect. All body measurements are presented in micrometers. Formulas for leg setation are given in parentheses according to the sequence trochanter–femur–genu–tibia–tarsus (famulus included). Formulas for leg solenidia are given in square brackets according to the sequence genu–tibia–tarsus.

Drawings were made with a camera lucida using a Leica transmission light microscope “Leica DM 2500”.

Terminology and conventions. Morphological terminology used in this paper mostly follows that of F. Grandjean: see Travé and Vachon (1975) for references, Norton (1977) for leg setal nomenclature, and Norton and Behan-Pelletier (2009) for overview.

Abbreviations and notations. Prodorsum: lam = lamella; rr = rostral ridge; inr = interlamellar region; ro, le, in, bs = rostral, lamellar, interlamellar, and bothridial setae, respectively; bo = bothridium; tu = tutorium; D = dorsophragma; P = pleurophragma. Notogaster: len = lenticulus; c, la, lm, lp, h, p = notogastral setae; Sa, S1, S2, S3 = sacculi; ia, im, ip, ih, ips = lyrifissures; gla = opisthonotal gland opening. Gnathosoma: a, m, h = subcapitular setae; or = adoral seta. Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions: 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c = epimeral setae; gt = genital tooth; can = capitular ange; PdI, PdII = pedotecta I, II, respectively; dis = discidium; cp = circumpedal carina; Am, Ah = humeral porose areas. Anogenital region: g, ag, an, ad – genital, aggenital, anal, and adanal setae, respectively; iad = adanal lyrifissure; po = preanal organ. Legs: pa = porose area; t – tooth; Tr, Fe, Ge, Ti, Ta – trochanter, femur, genu, tibia, tarsus, respectively; ɛ – leg famulus; ω, σ, φ – leg solenidia.

SYSTEMATICS

Epactozetes cubaensis Ermilov, Shtanchaeva et Subías sp. n. (Figs 1, 2)

Fig. 1.

Epactozetes cubaensis sp. n., adult: a – dorsal view, b – ventral view (legs not shown), c – lateral view (gnathosoma and legs not shown). Scale bar 50 µm.

Fig. 2.

Epactozetes cubaensis sp. n., adult: a – leg I, right, antiaxial view (some solenidia broken); b – leg II, without tarsus, right, dorsoantiaxial view (some solenidia broken); c – leg III, without tarsus, left, antiaxial view; d – leg IV, left, antiaxial view. Scale bar 20 µm.

Material. Holotype (♀) and six paratypes (4♂♂, 2♀♀): Cuba, Cayajabos (Pinar del Río), litter and moss in tropical forest, 24.VII.1994 (collected by E. Ruiz).

The holotype is deposited in the SMHM; six paratypes are deposited in the TSUMZ. Additional material (two adults): personal collection of U.Ya. Shtanchaeva and L.S. Subías. All specimens are preserved in ethanol with a drop of glycerol.

Diagnosis. Body size: 207–215 × 140–149. Interlamellar region microtuberculate; basal part of prodorsum and anterior part of notogaster tuberculate; notogaster, pteromorph and ventral side of body foveolate. Lamellae distally truncate, anteromedially separated, but tightly connected. Interlamellar region elongate trapezoid. Rostral and lamellar setae of medium length, setiform, slightly barbed. Interlamellar seta minute, simple. Bothridial seta long, elongate clavate, barbed. All notogastral setae short, setiform, smooth. Four pairs of sacculi present, elongate. Epimeral setae 1b, 3b, 4a and 4b and genital seta g1 short, setiform, smooth; other epimeral and anogenital setae minute, simple. Leg tarsus I and tibia IV with tooth dorsoproximally.

Description. Measurements. Body length: 215 (holotype), 207–215 (paratypes); notogaster width: 149 (holotype), 140–149 (paratypes). No difference between females and males in body size.

Integument (Figs 1a–1c). Body color brown. Cerotegument thin, gel-like. Anterolateral side of prodorsum and genital and anal plates with small scattered foveolae. Interlamellar region densely microtuberculate. Basal part of prodorsum and anterior part of notogaster with small tubercles. Basal part of lamella with some thin longitudinal ridges. Notogaster, pteromorph and ventral side of body with well-separated large (notogastral foveola with undulate internal margin) and with some small foveolae. Subcapitular mentum with dense longitudinally elongate foveolae, forming heavily reticulate pattern.

Prodorsum (Figs 1a, 1c). Rostrum broadly rounded. Lamellae distally truncate, anteromedially separated, but tightly connected. Interlamellar region elongate trapezoid. Translamella absent. Rostral (16–20) and lamellar (12–14) setae setiform, slightly barbed. Interlamellar seta (2) minute, simple. Bothridial seta (45–49) elongate clavate, barbed. Exobothridial seta not observed. Tutorium poorly visible, ridge-like, with indistinct perpendicular prop.

Notogaster (Figs 1a, 1c). Dorsoposterior notogastral part depressed. Lateral part of pteromorph bilobed. All notogastral setae similar in length (8–10), setiform, thin, smooth. Four pairs of sacculi present, elongate. Lyrifissures ia, im, ip, ih, and ips and opisthonotal gland opening poorly visible.

Gnathosoma (Fig. 1b). Typical for Epactozetidae (e.g. Nübel-Reidelbach, Woas, 1992; Ermilov et al., 2013).

Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions (Figs 1b, 1c). Epimeral setal formula: 3–1–2–2. Setae 1b, 3b, 4a, and 4b (6–8) setiform, thin, smooth; 1a, 1c, 2a, and 3a (2) minute, simple. Genital tooth, pedotecta I and II, circumpedal carina and discidium of typical morphology.

Anogenital region (Figs 1b, 1c). Genital seta g1 (6–8) setiform, thin, smooth; other anogenital setae (2) minute, simple.

Legs (Figs 2a–2d). Median claw strong, lateral claws thin, all smooth. Tarsus I and tibia IV with dorsal tooth proximally. Porose area on all femora and on trochanters III and IV poorly visible. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia: I (1–4–2–4–18) [1–2–2], II (1–4–2–3–15) [1–1–2], III (1–2–1–2–15) [1–1–0], IV (0–2–1–2–12) [0–1–0]; homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 1.

Table 1.  

Leg setation and solenidia of adult Epactozetes cubaensis sp. n.

Leg Tr Fe Ge Ti Ta
  I v' d, (l), bv'' (l), σ (l), (v), φ1, φ2 (ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv), (pl), ɛ, ω1, ω2
 II v' d, (l), bv'' (l), σ l ', (v), φ (ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv), ω1, ω2
III v' d, ev' l ', σ (v), φ (ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv)
IV d, ev' d (v), φ ft '', (tc), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv)

Roman letters refer to normal setae, Greek letters – to solenidia (except ɛ = famulus). Single prime (') marks setae on the anterior and double prime ('') – setae on the posterior side of a given leg segment. Parentheses refer to a pair of setae.

Remarks. Epactozetes cubaensis sp. n. differs from other known species of the genus (E. imitator Grandjean 1930 and E. setosus Balogh et Mahunka 1969 from the Neotropical region) in: 1) presence of an elongate trapezoid interlamellar region (versus the interlamellar region being elongate triangular in other species), 2) having comparatively larger foveolae on the notogaster (versus notogastral foveolae being clearly smaller in other species), and 3) the morphology of the lamellae (in particular, its lamellae are distally truncate, anteromedially separated, but tightly connected versus lamellae being distally triangular and well-separated in E. imitator and distally completely fused into a uniform rounded ledge in E. setosus).

Etymology. The specific name cubaensis refers to the place of origin, Cuba.

Parachipteria neotropica Ermilov, Shtanchaeva et Subías sp. n. (Figs 3, 4)

Fig. 3.

Parachipteria neotropica sp. n., adult: a – dorsal view (legs not shown), b – ventral view (legs not shown), c – lateral view (gnathosoma and legs not shown). Scale bar 50 µm.

Fig. 4.

Parachipteria neotropica sp. n., adult: a – leg I, right, antiaxial view (some solenidia and setae broken); b – trochanter and femur of leg II, right, antiaxial view; c – leg III, without tibia and tarsus, left, antiaxial view; d – leg IV, left, antiaxial view (some setae broken). Scale bar 20 µm.

Material. Holotype (♂) and five paratypes (1♂♂, 4♀♀): Cuba, Escalera de Jaluco (La Habana), karst zone, litter in tropical forest, 22.VII.1994 (collected by E. Ruiz).

The holotype is deposited in the SMHM; five paratypes are deposited in the TSUMZ. Additional material (two adults): personal collection of U.Ya. Shtanchaeva and L.S. Subías. All specimens are preserved in ethanol with a drop of glycerol.

Diagnosis. Body size: 298–365 × 190–232. Lateral part of pteromorph striate and foveolate. Lamella slightly divergent anteromedially, with lateral tooth distally, small tubercle medially and semi-oval indentation between them. Rostral seta long, setiform, barbed. Lamellar seta of medium length, setiform, slightly barbed. Interlamellar seta long, setiform, barbed. Bothridial seta long, with elongate, unilaterally dilated, barbed head. Notogastral setae of medium length, setiform, roughened. Epimeral setae 1b, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, and 4c and anogenital setae setiform, slightly barbed; other epimeral setae minute, simple. Legs monodactylous.

Description. Measurements. Body length: 315 (holotype), 298–365 (paratypes); notogaster width: 190 (holotype), 190–232 (paratypes). Males smaller than females: 298–315 × 190 versus 332–365 × × 215–232.

Integument (Figs 3a–3c). Body color brown. Cerotegument thin, gel-like. Lateral part of pteromorph striate and foveolate. Antiaxial side of all femora slightly striate.

Prodorsum (Figs 3a, 3c). Rostrum broadly rounded. Anterior prodorsal part with strong median longitudinal ridge. Lamellae slightly divergent anteromedially, with lateral tooth distally, small tubercle medially (bearing lamellar seta) and slight, semi-oval indentation between them. Rostral seta (73–82) setiform, barbed. Lamellar seta (28–36) setiform, straight, slightly barbed. Interlamellar seta (94–98) setiform, barbed (except basal part). Bothridial seta (77–82) with long stalk and elongate, unilaterally dilated, barbed head. Exobothridial seta not observed. Tutorium ridge-like.

Notogaster (Figs 3a, 3c). Humeral process elongate triangular. Lateral part of pteromorph slightly pointed. Lenticulus present, but without distinct border. All notogastral setae (c, la, lm and lp, 18–20; others 14–16) setiform, roughened. Lyrifissures ia, im, ip, ih, and ips and opisthonotal gland opening poorly visible.

Gnathosoma (Fig. 3b). Typical for Achipteriidae (e.g. Ermilov, Minor, 2015; Ermilov, 2016).

Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions (Figs 3b, 3c). Epimeral setal formula: 3–1–3–3. Setae 1b and 3c (32–41), 4a (28–36) and 3b, 4b and 4c (14–20) setiform, slightly barbed; 1a, 1c, 2a, and 3a (2) minute, simple. Genital tooth, capitular ange, pedotecta I and II and discidium of typical morphology. Custodium absent.

Anogenital region (Figs 3b, 3c). Genital (g1, g2, 24–32; others 12–20), aggenital (24–32), anal (12–16), and adanal (12–16) setae setiform, slightly barbed.

Legs (Figs 4a–4d). Claw strong, smooth. Genua I and II with ventrodistal tooth. Porose area on all femora and on trochanters III and IV poorly visible. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia: I (1–5–3–4–19) [1–2–2], II (1–5–3–4–15) [1–1–2], III (2–2–1–3–15) [1–1–0], IV (1–2–2–3–12) [0–1–0]; homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 2.

Table 2.  

Leg setation and solenidia of adult Parachipteria neotropica sp. n.

Leg Tr Fe Ge Ti Ta
  I v' d, (l), bv'', v'' (l), v', σ (l), (v), φ1, φ2 (ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv), (pl), l '', ɛ, ω1, ω2
 II v' d, (l), bv'', v'' (l), v', σ (l), (v), φ (ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv), ω1, ω2
III l ', v' d, ev' l ', σ l ', (v), φ (ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv)
IV v' d, ev' d, l ' l ', (v), φ ft '', (tc), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv)

See Table 1 for explanations.

Remarks. Parachipteria neotropica sp. n. differs from other known species of the genus (P. agenjoi (Pérez-Íñigo 1976) from Canary Islands, P. floresiana (Pérez-Íñigo 1992) and P. insularis (Pérez-Íñigo 1992) from Azores, P. magna (Sellnick 1928) from the Palearctic region, P. orientalis (Mondal et Kundu 1999) from India, P. ovalis (Koch 1835) from Alemania, and P. punctata (Nicolet 1855) from the Holarctic region and Saint Helena) in the presence of monodactylous (versus tridactylous) legs and in the pteromorphs being foveolate and striate (versus pteromorphs not foveolate and striate).

Etymology. The specific name neotropica refers to the place of origin, the Neotropical region.

Список литературы

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