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Российский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова, 2023, T. 109, № 11, стр. 1699-1717

Поведенческие, геномные и нейрохимические нарушения в модели нейротравмы на взрослых рыбах зебраданио (Danio rerio)

Н. П. Ильин 1, 2, 3, Д. С. Галстян 1, 2, 3, К. А. Демин 1, 2, А. В. Калуев 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, *

1 Институт трансляционной биомедицины, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет,
Санкт-Петербург, Россия

2 Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова МЗ РФ
Санкт-Петербург, Россия

3 Российский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий им. акад. А.М. Гранова МЗ РФ
Санкт-Петербург, Россия

4 Направление “Нейробиология”, Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”
Федеральная территория Сириус, Россия

5 Уральский федеральный университет
Екатеринбург, Россия

* E-mail: avkalueff@gmail.com

Поступила в редакцию 31.08.2023
После доработки 01.10.2023
Принята к публикации 02.10.2023

Аннотация

Травматическое повреждение мозга (ТПМ, нейротравма) представляет собой серьезную биомедицинскую проблему, особенно в связи с высокой распространенностью и риском смертности. Поэтому необходимо понимание механизмов патогенеза ТПМ как в клинике, так в экспериментальных моделях на животных. В исследовании использовали модель проникающей травмы мозга (теленцефалона) для изучения поведенческих и молекулярных последствий ТПМ у взрослых рыб зебраданио (zebrafish, Danio rerio). Спустя четыре дня после индукции нейротравмы зебраданио демонстрировали гиполокомоцию в тесте незнакомого аквариума, нарушение рабочей памяти в Y-образном лабиринте и активацию экспрессии в теленцефалоне гена isg15, который является биомаркером повреждения нейронов. Кроме того, повреждение теленцефалона вызвало значительное снижение уровня норадреналина (но не дофамина и серотонина) в мозге зебраданио, что может отчасти объяснить наблюдаемые когнитивные дефициты, и подчеркивает потенциальное вовлечение нейротрансмиттерных систем в патогенез ТПМ.

Ключевые слова: черепно-мозговая травма, зебраданио, конечный мозг, поведение, норадреналин, ген isg15

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