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Российский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова, 2023, T. 109, № 6, стр. 703-722

Механизмы физиологического ангиогенеза

А. Н. Иванов 1, Ю. Р. Чаббаров 1, *

1 Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского
Саратов, Россия

* E-mail: chabbarov@bk.ru

Поступила в редакцию 12.03.2023
После доработки 05.05.2023
Принята к публикации 07.05.2023

Аннотация

Ангиогенез представляет собой образование новых кровеносных сосудов из уже существующих для удовлетворения потребности ткани в перфузии. Во взрослом организме это часто реализуется в процессе роста и регенерации организма. Ангиогенез привлекает внимание исследователей с позиции его терапевтической регуляции: усиление может способствовать существенному прогрессу в терапии ишемических заболеваний, а ингибирование активно изучается для лечения опухолевых заболеваний. Регуляция ангиогенеза невозможна без точных знаний его механизмов. Ангиогенез осуществляется либо путем миграции эндотелиальных клеток существующего сосуда во внеклеточный матрикс для формирования сосуда по направлению ангиогенных стимулов, либо путем разделения сформированного сосуда на два новых в результате образования перегородки, отграничивающей два самостоятельных просвета. В данном обзоре рассматриваются основные этапы каждого из видов физиологического ангиогенеза, их механизмы и регуляция.

Ключевые слова: ангиогенез, эндотелиальные клетки, факторы роста, микроциркуляция, кровеносный сосуд, регуляция ангиогенеза, механизмы ангиогенеза

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