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Российский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова, 2023, T. 109, № 6, стр. 723-736

Влияние метаболита микробиоты – масляной кислоты на двигательную координацию, силу мышц и уровень окислительного стресса в скелетных мышцах при дисбиозе у мышей

О. В. Яковлева 1, *, А. И. Муллакаева 1, А. Ф. Салихзянова 1, Д. М. Сорокина 1, Г. Ф. Ситдикова 1

1 Казанский федеральный университет
Казань, Россия

* E-mail: a-olay@yandex.ru

Поступила в редакцию 29.03.2023
После доработки 27.04.2023
Принята к публикации 27.04.2023

Аннотация

Согласно современным представлениям, состав и разнообразие кишечной микробиоты играют существенную роль в поддержании иммунитета, гомеостаза и в целом физиологических функций организма хозяина. В последние годы появились сообщения о позитивной роли микробиоты и ее метаболитов, особенно короткоцепочечных жирных кислот, в метаболизме и функциональной активности скелетных мышц. Целью нашей работы было проанализировать силу мышц и координацию движений у мышей после инъекции курса антибиотиков широкого спектра действия с одновременным пероральным введением метаболита микробиоты – одного из представителей короткоцепочечных жирных кислот – масляной кислоты. Кроме того, мы определили уровень малонового диальдегида, концентрацию общего глутатиона и активность глутатионпероксидаз в мышцах задних конечностей у мышей с введением антибиотиков и масляной кислоты. Введение антибиотиков мышам-подросткам в течение двух недель приводило к более высокой смертности и снижению прибавки в массе тела, а также вызывало значительные изменения в двигательном поведении, включая повышение горизонтальной двигательной активности, снижение вертикальной двигательной активности, мышечной силы, координации движений. Более высокий уровень окислительного стресса был обнаружен в тканях мышц задних конечностей мышей, получавших антибиотики. В то же время введение препарата масляной кислоты предотвращало наблюдаемые изменения и улучшало не только поведенческие нарушения, но и частично снижало уровень окислительного стресса. Таким образом, использование метаболитов нормальной микробиоты оказывает позитивное влияние на функциональные и биохимические показатели скелетных мышц при дисбиозе, что может быть использовано для предотвращения потери мышечной функции при различных патологических состояниях.

Ключевые слова: антибиотик-индуцированный дисбактериоз, масляная кислота, двигательная активность, мышечная сила, координация движений, окислительный стресс

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