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Российский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова, 2023, T. 109, № 6, стр. 798-816

Электрическая эпидуральная стимуляция спинного мозга децеребрированной крысы

П. Ю. Шкорбатова 1, 2, В. А. Ляховецкий 1, О. В. Горский 1, 2, Н. В. Павлова 1, Е. Ю. Баженова 1, Д. С. Калинина 2, 3, П. Е. Мусиенко 1, 2, Н. С. Меркульева 1, *

1 Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН
Санкт-Петербург, Россия

2 Санкт-Петербургский Государственный Университет
Санкт-Петербург, Россия

3 Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”
пгт Сириус, Краснодарский край, Россия

* E-mail: mer-natalia@yandex.ru

Поступила в редакцию 28.03.2023
После доработки 12.05.2023
Принята к публикации 15.05.2023

Аннотация

Децеребрированные препараты часто используются в экспериментальной нейрофизиологии для изучения многоуровневых физиологических процессов. Для исследования локомоции в острых опытах традиционно используется модель децеребрированной кошки. Мы задались вопросом, возможно ли заменить ее при электрической эпидуральной стимуляции спинного мозга на модель децеребрированной крысы. На остром препарате 16-ти децеребрированных на преколликулярном уровне крыс линии Вистар изучены возможность вызова локомоции, а также тоническая активность мышц и мышечные вызванные потенциалы. У 10 проводили гистологический контроль уровня децеребрации. Квадрипедальную ходьбу удалось вызвать у пяти животных, бипедальную ходьбу задними конечностями – у одного животного; при этом параметры вызванной локомоции не зависят от степени повреждения substantia nigra. Тоническая активность и амплитуда сенсорного компонента вызванных потенциалов мышц задних конечностей (mm. tibialis anterior и gastrocnemius medialis) зависят от рострокаудального уровня децеребрации животных – они выше при повреждении черной субстанции (substantia nigra). Таким образом, рассматриваемая модель позволяет успешно исследовать тоническую активность мышц и вызванные мышечные потенциалы, однако использование этой модели при изучении контролируемой локомоции требует проведения дополнительных исследований.

Ключевые слова: децеребрированная крыса, эпидуральная стимуляция, тоническая активность, локомоция, вызванный потенциал

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