Российский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова, 2023, T. 109, № 11, стр. 1601-1616

Экспериментальные модели синаптопатий на основе рыб зебраданио

А. С. Лебедев 123, М. М. Котова 2, Н. П. Ильин 13, Т. О. Колесникова 2, Д. С. Галстян 134, Т. В. Вьюнова 7, Е. В. Петерсен 5, А. В. Калуев 12346*

1 Научный центр мирового уровня “Центр персонализированной медицины”, Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова МЗ РФ
Санкт-Петербург, Россия

2 Направление “Нейробиология”, Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”
Федеральная территория Сириус, Россия

3 Институт трансляционной биомедицины, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет
Санкт-Петербург, Россия

4 Российский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий им. акад. А.М. Гранова МЗ РФ
Санкт-Петербург, Россия

5 Московский физико-технический институт
Москва, Россия

6 Уральский федеральный университет
Екатеринбург, Россия

7 Институт молекулярной генетики Национального исследовательского центра “Курчатовский институт”
Москва, Россия

* E-mail: avkalueff@gmail.com

Поступила в редакцию 23.08.2023
После доработки 04.10.2023
Принята к публикации 04.10.2023

Аннотация

Синаптопатии – разнородная группа неврологических заболеваний человека, вызванных нарушением структуры и функций синапсов. К распространенным синаптопатиям относятся эпилепсия, расстройства аутистического спектра, ряд аутоимунных заболеваний и слуховые синаптопатии. Патогенез синаптопатий обусловлен различными факторами, включая генетические и средовые. Тем не менее недостаток знаний об их системных механизмах и неэффективность терапии подчеркивают актуальность дальнейших клинических и экспериментальных исследований синаптопатий. В работе обсуждаются существующие экспериментальные модели синаптопатий на животных, с акцентом на использование альтернативных модельных объектов – рыб зебраданио (Danio rerio, zebrafish), а также рассматриваются возможные новые направления для исследований. В целом, зебраданио служит перспективным организмом для моделирования широкого спектра синаптопатий, дополняя и расширяя существующие модели на основе грызунов.

Ключевые слова: синаптическая передача, синаптопатии, патогенез, грызуны, рыбы, экспериментальные модели

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