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Зоологический журнал, 2022, T. 101, № 12, стр. 1350-1355

Adactylidium dignum sp. n., a new species of Acarophenacidae (Acari, Heterostigmata) associated with Acanthothrips nodicornis (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) from European Russia

A. A. Khaustov a, *, V. V. Abramov b, **

a Tyumen State University
625003 Tyumen, Russia

b 301430 Tula Region, Suvorov, Gagarin str. 12, Russia

* E-mail: alkhaustov@mail.ru
** E-mail: abramv3@rambler.ru

Поступила в редакцию 20.03.2022
После доработки 18.04.2022
Принята к публикации 19.04.2022

Полный текст (PDF)

Аннотация

A new species, Adactylidium dignum sp. n. (Acari, Acarophenacidae), is described based on a phoretic female collected from the thorax of an adult Acanthothrips nodicornis (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in European Russia. The new species differs from both A. lindquisti Jordana et Goldarazena 2001 and A. moundi Goldarazena, Jordana et Zhang 1997 by the presence of alveolar pits of setae 1a, the presence of an anterior projection on the appo, and the subequally long setae c1 and c2.

Keywords: mite, systematics, morphology, thrips, phoresy, parasitoid

The family Acarophenacidae includes parasitoids of eggs of various insects, including beetles from the families Cerambycidae, Erotylidae, Tenebrionidae, Nitidulidae, Dermestidae, Curculionidae, Mycetophagidae and thrips (Thysanoptera) (Goldarazena et al., 2001; Katlav et al., 2015; Arjomandi et al., 2017; Walter, Seeman, 2017; Khaustov, Abramov, 2018; Xu et al., 2018). At present, the family includes about 40 described species (including three fossil species) from eight genera (Khaustov et al., 2021). Khaustov et al. (2021) provided the latest key to the genera of Acarophenacidae. Currently seven species of acarophenacid mites have been recorded from Russia: Aethiophenax ipidarius (Redikortzev 1947), Paracarophenax scolyti Khaustov 1999 (both associated with bark beetles), P. bambergensis (Krczal 1959) (associated with Nitidulidae), P. triplaxophilus Khaustov and Abramov 2018 (associated with Erotylidae), Paradactylidium pyemotoformis Khaustov 2007, Adactylidium absurdum Khaustov 2007 (both from unknown hosts), and Adactylidium europaeum Khaustov and Abramov 2021 (associated with Phlaeothrips sp.) (Khaustov, 1999, 2007; Khaustov, Abramov, 2018, 2019, 2021).

The genus Adactylidium Cross 1965 comprises 17 described species distributed in Europe, North and South Americas, and northern Africa (Goldarazena et al., 2001; Antonatos et al., 2011; Khaustov, Abramov, 2021). All Adactylidium species are associated with various thrips (Thysanoptera) and have potential importance in the biological control of thrips pests in agricultural systems (Antonatos et al., 2011). Khaustov and Abramov (2021) provided the latest key to world species of Adactylidium.

During the study of insect associated mites, a new species of Adactylidium associated with Acanthothrips nodicornis was revealed from the European Russia. The aim of this article is to describe this new species.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The mite was mounted in Hoyer’s medium. The terminology follows that of Lindquist (1986). All measurements are given in micrometers (μm). For leg chaetotaxy the number of solenidia is given in parentheses. Phase-contrast micrographs were taken using a Carl Zeiss Axio Imager A2 compound microscope and AxioCam ICc5 (Carl Zeiss, Germany) digital camera.

Abbreviations: ap1–ap5 – apodemes 1–5; appr – prosternal apodeme; appo – poststernal apodeme; apsej – sejugal apodeme; apgn – gnathosomal apodeme.

TAXONOMY

Family Acarophenacidae Cross 1965

Genus Adactylidium Cross 1965

Type species: Adactylidium beeri Cross 1965, by original designation

Adactylidium dignum Khaustov et Abramov sp. n. (Figs 1–5 )

Fig. 1.

Adactylidium dignum sp. n., female: A – dorsum of body, B – venter of body. Legs omitted.

Fig. 2.

Adactylidium dignum sp. n., female: A – pharynx, B – gnathosomal apodeme and trachea.

Fig. 3.

Adactylidium dignum sp. n., female: A – left leg I, dorsal aspect; B – left leg II, dorsal aspect.

Fig. 4.

Adactylidium dignum sp. n., female: A – left leg III, dorsal aspect; B – left leg IV, dorsal aspect.

Fig. 5.

Phase-contrast micrographs of Adactylidium dignum sp. n., female: A – general view dorsally, B – general view ventrally.

Type material. Female holotype, slide ZISP T-Acaroph-002, Tula Region, vicinity of Suvorov town, 54°07′ N, 36°30′ E, 15 Julу 2021, on thorax of adult of Acanthothrips nodicornis (Reuter 1880) on the bark of dead birch, collected by V.V. Abramov.

The holotype of the new species is deposited in the acarological collection of the Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Diagnosis. Apgn with median projections; tibiotarsus I with solenidion, tarsus III without solenidion, setae 4b present, genu I with four setae, genu III with two setae, femur II with three setae, setae e and f subequal in length, tibiotarsus I without ventral subapical indentation; setae (tc) and (ft) of tibiotarsus I subequal in length; dorsal idiosomal setae similar in shape, elongate; apsej not fused with appr; alveolar pits of setae 1a present.

Description. Female. Length of idiosoma 150, width 105.

Idiosomal dorsum (Figs 1A, 5A). Ovate. Prodorsal shield delineated into primary plate and prodorsal projection, encapsulating gnathosoma. Stigmata on prodorsal projection; tracheal trunks long, with small atria located posteriad posterior margin of apgn (Fig. 2B). Prodorsal shield and plates C, D , EF, H distinctly punctate. Alveolar pits sc1 situated anterolaterad bases of setae v2. Setae v2, sc2, c1 and c2 thin, smooth and pointed; setae d, e and f with few weak barbs in basal half; setae h1 and h2 located ventrally, slightly thickened, blunt-tipped and weakly barbed. Cupuli ia small, round, located anterolaterad bases of setae d; cupuli im situated anteriad or anteromesad bases of setae e; cupules ih not evident. Lengths of dorsal setae: v2 33, sc2 23, c1 20, c2 19, d 22, e 22, f 23 h1 8, h2 8. Distances between setae: v2–v2 37, sc1–sc1 49, v2–sc2 16, sc2–sc2 66, c1–c1 41, c1–c2 27, d–d 50, e–f 15, f–f 19, e–e 50, h1–h1 11, h1–h2 12, h2–h2 31.

Idiosomal venter (Figs 1B, 5B). Ventral plates smooth; small subtriangular areas posteriad trochanters II with rough microsculpture. All ventral setae smooth and pointed; alveolar pits of setae 1a present. Aggenital plate with deep incision posteriorly and weak incurvations laterally. Ap1 weakly sclerotized, fused with well sclerotized appr; ap2 well sclerotized and fused with appr; apsej well sclerotized but interrupted medially, not fused with appr; ap3 well developed, fused with anterior part of appo; appo with distinct anterior projection and divided into several weak sclerites in posterior half; ap4 well sclerotized, not fused with appo; ap5 absent. Lengths of ventral setae: 2a 14, 3a 15, 3c 13, 4b 12, 4c 12, ag 14.

Gnathosoma. Apgn with distinct median projections (Fig. 2B). Gnathosoma concealed dorsally by prodorsum, ventrally indistinguishable from idiosoma; dorsum with one pair of setae anterolaterally, probably representing postpalpal seta pp; venter with mouth flanked by paired, semi-ovular, smooth membranous areas; one pair of rod-like ventral setae of unknown homology situated at anterior ends of membranous areas; one pair of blunt-tipped subcapitular setae m located posteriad membranous areas. Pharynx large, slightly oval, thin-walled, distinctly punctate (Fig. 2A).

Legs (Figs 3, 4). Leg I (Fig. 3A): distinctly shorter than other legs; setation: Tr 0, Fe 3 (d, l ', v''), Ge 4 (l ′, l ″, v′, v″), TiTa 15(1) (d, l ′, l ″, v′, v″, k, tc′, tc″, ft′, ft″, s, pl ′, pl ″, pv′, pv″, ω); tibiotarsus without ventral subapical indentation; solenidion ω 3 clavate, situated in the middle of segment; seta k with subapical barb; eupathidia (tc) and (ft) subequal in length; all setae smooth; setae d, l ′ of femur, v′ of genu and eupathidia (tc) and (ft) blunt-tipped, other leg setae pointed. Leg II (Fig. 3B) setation: Tr 0, Fe 3 (d, l ′, v″), Ge 3 (l ′, l '', v′), Ti 4 (d, l ', v′, v″), Ta 6(1) (tc′, tc″, u′, u″, pv′, pv″, ω); solenidion ω 4 digitiform; all setae smooth; setae l′ of femur and (u) of tarsus blunt-ended, other leg setae pointed. Leg III (Fig. 4A) setation: Tr 0, Fe 2 (d, v′), Ge 2 (l ′, v′), Ti 4 (d, l ′, v′, v″), Ta 4 (tc″, u′, u″, pv′); setae (u) of tarsus blunt-ended, other leg setae pointed; at least setae l ′ of genu, l ′ of tibia and pv′ of tarsus weakly barbed, other leg setae smooth. Leg IV (Fig. 4B) setation: Tr 0, Fe 1 (v′), Ge 1 (v′), Ti 4 (d, l ′, v′, v″), Ta 4 (tc″, u′, u″, pv′); setae (u) of tarsus blunt-ended, other leg setae pointed; at least setae v′ of genu, l ′, v″ of tibia and pv′ of tarsus weakly barbed, other leg setae smooth; seta tc″ of tarsus very long, whip-like.

Differential diagnosis. The female of the new species is most similar to A. lindquisti Jordana et Goldarazena 2001 and A. moundi Goldarazena, Jordana et Zhang 1997 sharing the following seven characteristics: tibiotarsus I with solenidion, tarsus III without solenidion, setae 4b present, genu I with four setae, genu III with two setae, femur II with three setae, setae e and f subequal in length. The new species differs from both of the other species by the presence of alveolar pits of setae 1a (absent in A. lindquisti and A. moundi), by the presence of anterior projection of appo (absent in A. lindquisti and A. moundi), and by the subequal length of setae c1 and c2 (c1 distinctly longer than c2 in A. lindquisti and A. moundi). The new species differs from A. moundi by the presence of median projections on apgn (absent in A. moundi) and by seta l '  of genu I much longer than l '' and v' of genu I (seta l ' of genu I subequal in length with l '' and v' of genu I in A. moundi). The new species differs from A. lindquisti in having a punctate pharynx (transversely striated in A. lindquisti) and in having setae e situated posteriorly to f (e situated anteriorly to f in A. lindquisti).

Etymology. The name of the new species is derived from Latin dignus meaning dignified.

Remarks. The new species is described based on single specimen. All attempts to collect more specimens from the same locality were unsuccessful. However, the holotype is in good condition and all characters are clearly visible and suitable for the description of a new species. The host thrips Acanthothrips nodicornis is mycophagous and distributed throughout Holarctic.

Список литературы

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  2. Arjomandi E., Hajiqanbar H., Joharchi O., 2017. Aethiophenax mycetophagi sp. nov. (Acari: Trombidiformes: Acarophenacidae), an egg parasitoid of Mycetophagus quadripustulatus (Coleoptera: Mycetophagidae) from Iran // Systematic and Applied Acarology. V. 22. № 4. P. 541–549.

  3. Goldarazena A., Ochoa R., Jordana R., OConnor B.M., 2001. Revision of the genus Adactylidium Cross (Acari: Heterostigmata: Acarophenacidae), mites associated with thrips (Thysanoptera) // Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. V. 103. № 3. P. 473–516.

  4. Katlav A., Hajiqanbar H., Talebi A.A., 2015. First record of the genus Aethiophenax (Acari: Acarophenacidae) from Asia, redefinition of the genus and description of a new species // Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology. V. 18. P. 389–395.

  5. Khaustov A.A., 1999. Redescription of <Pediculoides> ipidarius Redikortsev, 1947, and a description of a new species from the genus Paracarophenax (Acari: Heterostigmata: Acarophenacidae) // Acarina. V. 7. № 1. P. 57–59.

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